{"id":32994,"date":"2023-02-13T10:20:45","date_gmt":"2023-02-13T18:20:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medfitnetwork.org\/public\/?p=32994"},"modified":"2023-02-07T10:30:09","modified_gmt":"2023-02-07T18:30:09","slug":"making-weight-helpful-or-harmful","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medfitnetwork.org\/public\/all-mfn\/making-weight-helpful-or-harmful\/","title":{"rendered":"Making Weight: Helpful or Harmful?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Many athletes fantasize about losing weight\u00a0(\u201cWouldn\u2019t it be nice to lose a few pounds\u2026\u201d).<\/em>\u00a0But some athletes\u00a0have\u00a0<\/em>to lose weight in order to meet a specific division for their sport. Athletes such as boxers might have to make weight for a day only once or twice a year, but others such as wrestlers are wisest to keep their weight low for a season. And then there are figure skaters, dancers, and gymnasts who live in long-term \u201cfood jail\u201d to maintain a sleek physique for months on end because they get judged on aesthetics. This article will not focus on the problems with long-term under-eating, but rather offer help for athletes\u00a0who have to\/want to lose weight for the short-term.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Weight classes exist to supposedly even the playing field<\/em> so, for example, a wrestler or a rower competes against someone who is about the same physical size. A problem with weight-class sports is too many athletes target a minimal weight that is unlikely their best performance weight and focus on a number on a scale instead of ability to compete well. \u00a0They often resort to last-minute restrictive dieting and dehydrating to make weight. Inadequate recovery between weigh-ins and the event can contribute to early bonking, poor performance, and disappointments. One champion collegiate wrestler shared his winning advice, \u201cI ate well, competed at my natural weight, and clobbered my starving opponents. Easy!\u201d The same goes for athletes in running sports, who believe lighter equates to faster. Not always the case. There\u2019s a lot to be said for running well-fueled at your natural weight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So what are weight-class athletes supposed to do?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Obviously, they are not supposed to wait until the last few days before an event to lose weight by abstaining from food and water, over-exercising, and abusing their bodies. The better path is to start chipping away at weight loss weeks in advance. If you have to lose 10 pounds, give yourself at least 5 to 10 weeks to do so, if not more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ideally, athletes should first have their body fat accurately measured to determine if they even have fat to lose. Females should not drop below 12% body fat, males no less than 5%. Some athletes will need to lose muscle to be able to reach their weight goal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What\u2019s the best way to lose weight? Push yourself away from the dinner table before you eat your fill! Plain and simple, you have to eat less than your body requires.\u00a0\u00a0Easier said than done. Hence, these tips might be helpful.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Knock off only 300-500 calories\/day from your typical daily intake. Do NOT chop your food intake in half or eat as little as possible! As an athlete, you need fuel to train.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Fuel by day; diet by night. Plan to lose weight when you are sleeping\u2014not when you are trying to train hard.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Surround your workout with food, so that you fuel-up and refuel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Do NOT cut out all carbohydrates. Athletes need grains, veggies, and fruits to optimize their muscle glycogen stores. A very low-carb diet results in depleted glycogen,  \u201cdead legs,\u201d and inability to train hard.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Enjoy carb-protein combinations: carbs to fuel muscles; protein to build and repair muscles. Protein is also satiating and can help curb hunger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 When it\u2019s crunch-time, to lose the last few pounds, some athletes target about 1.5 g carb, 1 g protein, and 0.5 g fat per pound of body weight (3 g carb, 2 g pro,  1 g fat\/kg). This means a 150-lb (68 kg) athlete would target about 200 g carb, 135 g pro, and 70 g fat (~1,950-2,000 calories\/day).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Athletes who have to lose muscle mass to hit their weight target should cut back on their protein intake.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Divide the calories into 4 food buckets and eat a meal at least every 4 hours. (The clock starts ticking when you get up in the morning). An athlete who trains from 6:30 to 7:30 a.m. could divide breakfast<\/em> into 100-200 calories pre-workout at 6:00ish, then 400 calories post-workout at 8:00; eat early lunch<\/em> (500 cal.) at 11:00ish; later lunch<\/em> (400-500 cal.) at 3:00ish, and dinner<\/em> at 6:00-7:00ish (500 cal.). The rest of the night, chew gum, drink herbal tea, go to bed early? (If you are ravenous, please eat a bit more.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 If you don\u2019t have fat to lose, plan in last-minute water-weight loss of 2% to 3% body weight. For a 150-lb athlete, that\u2019s 3 to 4.5 pounds. Ways to reduce water-weight include depleting muscle glycogen with a low-carb diet (3 grams of water are stored with one gram of muscle glycogen), restricting fiber (to reduce gut contents),  sweating, and restricting fluids.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rapid refueling pre-event<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

After weighing in, some weight-class athletes have only 1 to 2 hours to refuel and rehydrate before they compete; others have 12+ hours if they weigh-in the night before. To rapidly refuel, they should consume carbs they know they can tolerate well\u2014and be sensible so they don\u2019t vomit during the event. Enjoy (well-tolerated) salty foods like soup, pretzels, and crackers.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\u2022 A large bolus of fluid gets absorbed faster than smaller amounts, so dehydrated athletes want to drink 20 to 30 ounces of fluid followed by repeated sips. Salty broth and lowfat chocolate milk retain water in the body better than sports drinks and plain water. Co-ingestion of some protein can help with glycogen restoration (Turkey sandwich? Chocolate milk?)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Post-event weight regain<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

While the standard advice for weight-class athletes to\u00a0just lose the weight and keep it off<\/em>\u00a0makes sense intellectually, it is the opposite of what the body wants to do physiologically. After having been underfed, hungry athletes experience a very strong drive to eat, if not over-eat, and regain all the lost weight. This happens with most dieters, athletic or not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The urge to devour food after having made weight is physiological, and not simply due to lack of will-power. Here\u2019s the analogy: If you hold your breath for too long, you will uncontrollably gasp for air. If you rigorously restrict calories for too long, you will uncontrollably grab for food and easily binge-eat. No wonder eating disorders blossom in weight-focused sports!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The bottom line<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Any way you look at it, losing weight when you really are not over-fat in the first place is not much fun. Yes, it creates a bond with other athletes doing the same thing\u2014misery loves company<\/em>\u2014and is embedded into the culture of weight-focused sports. Ideally, it\u2019s time to change that culture to focus more on health (both short and long term) and injury reduction. How about establishing height classes instead of weight classes?\u00a0\u00a0Or at least offer better access to sports dietitians to help with the weight-reduction process?\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Nancy Clark MS RD CSSD\u00a0\u00a0counsels both fitness exercisers and competitive athletes in the Boston-area (Newton; 617-795-1875). Her best-selling\u00a0Nancy Clark\u2019s\u00a0Sports Nutrition Guidebook\u00a0is a popular resource, as is\u00a0her online\u00a0workshop. Visit\u00a0www.NancyClarkRD.com<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0for info.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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References<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Langan-Evans C. at al. 2021. Nutritional considerations for female athletes in weight category sports. European Journal of Sports Science<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Burke, L, et al. 2021. ACSM Consensus Statement on Weight Loss in Weight-Category Sports. Current Sports Medicine Reports<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Many athletes fantasize about losing weight\u00a0(\u201cWouldn\u2019t it be nice to lose a few pounds\u2026\u201d).\u00a0But some athletes\u00a0have\u00a0to lose weight in order to meet a specific division for their sport. Athletes such as boxers might have to make weight for a day only once or twice a year, but others such as wrestlers are wisest to keep their weight low for a season. And then there are figure skaters, dancers, and gymnasts who live in long-term \u201cfood jail\u201d to maintain a sleek physique for months on end because they get judged on aesthetics. This article will not focus on the problems with long-term under-eating, but rather offer help for athletes\u00a0who have to\/want to lose weight for the short-term. Weight classes exist to supposedly even the playing field so, for example, a wrestler or a rower competes against someone who is about the same physical size. A problem with weight-class sports is too many athletes target a minimal weight that is unlikely their best performance weight and focus on a number on a scale instead of ability to compete well. \u00a0They often resort to last-minute restrictive dieting and dehydrating to make weight. Inadequate recovery between weigh-ins and the event can contribute to early […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":42,"featured_media":32995,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1],"tags":[139],"class_list":["post-32994","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-all-mfn","tag-nutrition"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medfitnetwork.org\/public\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32994","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medfitnetwork.org\/public\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medfitnetwork.org\/public\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medfitnetwork.org\/public\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/42"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medfitnetwork.org\/public\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32994"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/medfitnetwork.org\/public\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32994\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32998,"href":"https:\/\/medfitnetwork.org\/public\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32994\/revisions\/32998"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medfitnetwork.org\/public\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32995"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medfitnetwork.org\/public\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32994"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medfitnetwork.org\/public\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32994"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medfitnetwork.org\/public\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32994"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}